Factory supply 20% Chlorhexidine digluconate Cas 18472-51-0 with high quality and good price CAS NO.18472-51-0

Wuhan Fortuna Chemical Co.,Ltd is a professional integrative chemical enterprise with 18 years exporting experience,which is being engaged in Pharmaceutical and its intermediates, Food and Feed additives, Fine chemicals.

Chlorhexidine Digluconate: A Comprehensive Overview

1. Chemical Structure & Properties

• Chemical Class: A bisbiguanide antiseptic, specifically the digluconate salt of chlorhexidine.

• Structure: Composed of two chlorophenyl rings linked by a biguanide group, conjugated with gluconic acid to enhance water solubility.

• Solubility: Highly soluble in water and alcohol, making it suitable for aqueous solutions and alcohol-based formulations.

2. Mechanism of Action

• Antimicrobial Activity:

  • Cationic Nature: Binds to negatively charged bacterial cell membranes, disrupting integrity and causing leakage of intracellular components.

  • Protein Coagulation: At higher concentrations, denatures proteins and enzymes within microbial cells.

  • Broad-Spectrum Efficacy: Effective against Gram-positive/negative bacteria, enveloped viruses, and fungi. Not sporicidal.

  • Residual Activity: Forms a protective film on skin/mucous membranes, providing prolonged antimicrobial effects.

3. Clinical & Everyday Applications

• Medical Uses:

  • Surgical Antisepsis: Preoperative skin scrubs (2–4% solutions) to reduce surgical site infections.

  • Catheter Care: Used for skin disinfection before inserting IV lines or urinary catheters.

  • Wound Care: Diluted solutions for cleaning minor cuts or burns.

• Dental Use:

  • Mouthwash/Gel (0.12–0.2%): Treats gingivitis, reduces plaque, and manages oral infections.

  • Post-Dental Procedure Care: Prevents infections after extractions or implants.

• Consumer Products:

  • Hand sanitizers, antiseptic wipes, and veterinary products.

4. Safety & Side Effects

• Common Issues:

  • Oral Use: Tooth staining, altered taste, or mild irritation (reversible with discontinuation).

  • Skin Use: Dryness or irritation, especially with frequent application.

• Serious Risks:

  • Allergic Reactions: Rare but possible (rash, anaphylaxis).

  • Contraindications: Avoid contact with eyes, inner ear, or meninges.

• Special Populations:

  • Pregnancy/Lactation: Generally considered safe (Category B).

  • Pediatrics: Safe at appropriate concentrations.

5. Formulations & Concentrations

• Aqueous Solutions: Alcohol-free for sensitive skin or mucosal use.

• Alcohol-Based Solutions: Enhanced efficacy for surgical scrubs.

• Combination Products: Often paired with cetrimide for synergistic effects.

6. Key Considerations

• Incompatibilities: Reacts with anionic compounds (e.g., soap), reducing efficacy. Rinse thoroughly before application.

• Environmental Impact: Degrades slowly; proper disposal required to avoid ecological buildup.

• Resistance: Low risk of microbial resistance compared to antibiotics.

7. Historical Context & Alternatives

• Discovery: Developed in the 1950s by Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI).

• Alternatives: Compared to povidone-iodine, it offers longer residual activity. Less drying than alcohol-based sanitizers.

8. Recent Advances

• Infection Prevention: Evidence supports its role in reducing central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs).

• COVID-19: Studied as a surface disinfectant and oral rinse to reduce viral load.

Key Takeaway
Chlorhexidine digluconate is a cornerstone of infection control in healthcare and dentistry, valued for its broad-spectrum efficacy and residual activity. Proper use minimizes side effects like staining or irritation, while its versatility in formulations ensures applicability across diverse settings. Always follow guidelines for dilution and application to maximize safety and effectiveness.